 |
|
 |
[ÐÓÑ]
[ENG
[GER]
[ESP]
|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Geographical position, area, and administrative-territorial composition of the district. The dynamics of population, factors determining its value. Characteristic features of population reproduction in the present stage. Placement of the population in the district. Density of population. The population structure of the natural resources of its species. Proportion of population in the area of the total population. Human Resources area, their dynamics. Quantitative and qualitative assessment. Economic valuation of natural resources and climatic conditions. Fuel and energy resources of the area. Place area in the territorial division of labor Russia. Branches of industry specialization. Lead mining, metallurgical, machine-building industry. Highlights WPK, their brief description and geography. Intra-and inter-territorial communication industries in a multi-functional market infrastructure. Expertise in the area of agriculture. Placement of agricultural industries in the area. Structure of sown areas. The most important branch of plant growing, cattle breeding. Centers agricultural processing industries. Problems of land use. The transportation system area, its brief description. Environmental issues area.
Composition of Belgorod, Voronez, Kursk, Lipetsk, Tambov region.
EGP District has a small territory -167 thousand miles 2 - the smallest of the ER - and convenient transport and geographical position. It has borders with the leading industrial area in the country - TsER. Conveniently located in relation to fuel and energy bases P and SC, which is bordered by W. and South-Eastern the south-west border with Ukraine. Railway and highways cross the territory of the region both in latitude and in the meridional direction.
The presence of large deposits of minerals (iron ore, cement raw materials), and favorable soil and climatic conditions favor the development of various branches of industry and agriculture.
Natural conditions and resources Climate - moderate continental, milder than in the Ts Natural areas - forest-steppe and steppe. Topography - flat. Are concentrated in large tracts of chernozem soils. But much of the area lacks water resources.
Are great reserves of iron ores of the Kursk Magnetic Anomaly (KMA) - about 40 billion tons, which is formed on the basis of the TPK.
Significant proportion of rich ores, where the iron content reaches 60% . Iron ore areas stand out: in the Belgorod region -- Stary Oskol (Lebedinskoye, Stoilensky field and near the city Gubkin) and in the Kursk region -- Michael's (city Zheleznogorsk ). There are also deposits of refractory clay, phosphorite, and construction materials. No fuel resources.
Population. Population - 7,9 million, with an average population density - 46 people per 1 km 2. It has long been a densely populated area. During formation of the Russian state, this area was "wild field", strip disengagement of the Slavic tribes and nomads. Later, populated by immigrants from neighboring territories Ts District was formed as farming. In the present. time employed more people in the industry. Coefficient of urbanization -- 62%.
Facilities The main features of the economy are determined by a convenient EGP, the availability of labor resources, the wealth of ore deposits, favorable soil and climatic conditions for the development of farming, but lack of water and energy resources. Specialization area is determined predominantly by the development of metallurgy, Engineering, chemical and food industry, as well as highly developed agricultural . The area produces over 40% of iron ore, more than 15% iron, 10% steel, 20% of televisions and refrigerators, 40% sugar RF.
TEC is a weak link in the economic complex. Deprived of their energy region is forced to import fuel from other regions (mainly oil and gas). For the imported fuel power plants are working all the district. Much of the electricity is produced by the powerful nuclear power plant - Kursk and Novovoronezh.
Mining (iron ore) is the basis for the development of ferrous metallurgy. The major centers are Novolipetsk metallurgical. Combine a full cycle and plant of metal production in Stary Oskol (Belgorod region).
Engineering specializes in the production area: mining equipment, excavators, agricultural machinery, chemical equipment, machine tools, appliances, electrical products, equipment for food industry. The industrial enterprises located in regional centers, as well as Michurinsk (Tambov region) and Yelets (Lipetsk region). In Kursk represented Precision Engineering; in Belgorod - metal consuming engineering - manufacture of mining equipment. In Lipetsk is a large tractor factory.
Chemical industry includes the production of synthetic rubber and tires in Voronezh, Tambov dyes, chemical fiber in Kursk. Coke oven gas (waste iron and steel) are used for the production of nitrogenous fertilizers, aniline dyes. But in the main industrial enterprises in the industry working on imported raw materials. MSPs, especially cement, Developed in Belgorod, Lipetsk, old grin, Zheleznogorsk and Gubkin. The production of JBK. The area has a highly developed food processing industry is flour, vegetable oil, sugar and tobacco plants.
Agriculture. District differs from the highly developed agriculture with a predominance of crop production. Cultivated mainly cereals (winter wheat, corn, barley, rye) and Tekhniki. crops (sugar beet, sunflower). Large areas occupied by potatoes and vegetables. Livestock is mainly meat and dairy direction. Breed of cattle, pigs, sheep and poultry. Around the city there was a suburban farm. Development of orchards.
Transportation. Good developed all kinds of transport, whose work provides internal and external communications.